1. Organization, Business, and Liquidity

Kiora is a clinical-stage specialty pharmaceutical company developing and commercializing therapies for the treatment of ophthalmic diseases. On November 5, 2021, Kiora Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (formerly known as EyeGate Pharmaceuticals, Inc.) (“Kiora” or the “Company”) filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, a Certificate of Ownership and Merger, merging its wholly-owned Delaware subsidiary, Kiora Pharmaceuticals, Inc., (incorporated in October 2021) into the Company and amending the Company’s certificate of incorporation to change its name to “Kiora Pharmaceuticals, Inc.” effective November 8, 2021 (the “Name Change”). The Company also amended and restated its bylaws to reflect the change to the Company’s name (the “Bylaws Amendment”). The Name Change and the Bylaws Amendment each became effective on November 8, 2021. The Company’s common shares commenced trading on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the new ticker symbol “KPRX” and a new CUSIP number (49721T101) effective at the market open on November 8, 2021.

Our lead product is KIO-301 with an initial focus on patients with later stages of disease progression due to Retinitis Pigmentosa (any and all sub-forms). KIO-301 is a potential vision-restoring small molecule that acts as a “photoswitch” specifically designed to restore vision in patients with inherited and age-related degenerative retinal diseases. The molecule is specifically designed to restore the eyes’ ability to perceive and interpret light in visually impaired patients. It selectively enters viable downstream retinal ganglion cells (no longer receiving electrical input due to degenerated rods and cones) and is intended to turn them into light sensing cells, capable of signaling the brain as to the presence or absence of light. We expect to initiate a Phase 1b clinical trial in the third quarter of 2022. On March 17, 2022, we were granted Orphan Drug Designation from the U.S. FDA for the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (“API”) in KIO-301. KIO-301 (formerly known as B-203) was acquired through the Bayon Therapeutics, Inc. (“Bayon”) transaction which closed October 21, 2021.

KIO-101 is a product that focuses on patients with Ocular Presentation of Rheumatoid Arthritis (“OPRA”). KIO-101 is a next-generation, non-steroidal, immune-modulatory and small-molecule inhibitor of Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase (“DHODH”) with what we believe to be best-in-class picomolar potency and a validated immune modulating mechanism designed to overcome the off-target side effects and safety issues associated with commercially available DHODH inhibitors. In the fourth quarter of 2021, we reported top-line safety and tolerability from a phase 1b proof-of-concept (“POC”) study evaluating KIO-101 in patients with ocular surface inflammation. We expect to initiate a Phase 2 clinical trial in the second half of 2022. KIO-101 (formerly known as PP-001) was acquired through the acquisition of Panoptes Pharma Ges.m.b.H “Panoptes” in the fourth quarter of 2020.

In addition, we are developing KIO-201, for patients undergoing PRK surgery for corneal wound repair after refractive surgery.  KIO-201 is a modified form of the natural polymer hyaluronic acid, designed to protect the ocular surface to permit re-epithelialization of the cornea and improve and maintain ocular surface integrity. KIO-201 has unique properties that help hydrate and protect the ocular surface.

Since its inception, Kiora has devoted substantially all of its efforts to business planning, research and development, and raising capital.

The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared assuming that Kiora will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. At December 31, 2021, Kiora had unrestricted Cash and Cash Equivalents of $7.9 million, and an Accumulated Deficit of $120.9 million. Kiora has incurred losses and negative cash flows since inception, and future losses are anticipated. Based on its cash on hand at December 31, 2021, the Company anticipates having sufficient cash to fund planned operations into July 2022, however, the acceleration or reduction of cash outflows by Company management can significantly impact the timing for the need to raise additional capital to complete development of its products. To continue development, Kiora will need to raise additional capital through equity financing, license agreements, and/or additional U.S. government grants. Although historically the Company has been successful at raising capital, most recently raising net proceeds of approximately $9.8 million in a registered direct offering that closed on August 11, 2021, additional capital may not be available on terms favorable to Kiora, if at all. The Company does not know if any future offerings, including offerings pursuant to its shelf registration statement, will succeed. Accordingly, no assurances can be given that Company management will succeed in these endeavors. The Company’s recurring losses from operations have caused management to determine there is substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The Consolidated Financial Statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classification of liabilities or any other adjustments that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.