Exhibit 10.2
REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT
REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT (this "Agreement"), dated as of February 2, 2023, by and between KIORA PHARMACEUTICALS, INC., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), and LINCOLN PARK CAPITAL FUND, LLC, an Illinois limited liability company (the “Buyer”).
WHEREAS:
A. In connection with the Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 2, 2023, entered into by the Company and the Buyer (the “Securities Purchase Agreement”), the Company has agreed, upon the terms and subject to the conditions of the Securities Purchase Agreement, to issue and sell to the Buyer 52,798 shares of Common Stock (as defined herein) (collectively, the “Common Shares”), together with warrants to purchase up to 105,596 shares of Common Stock, in reliance upon the exemption from securities registration afforded by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act (defined below) and Rule 506(b) of Regulation D as promulgated by the SEC under the Securities Act; and
B. To induce the Buyer to consummate the transactions contemplated by the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Company has agreed to provide certain registration rights under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder, or any similar successor statute (collectively, the “Securities Act”), and applicable state securities laws.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the promises and the mutual covenants contained herein and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and the Buyer hereby agree as follows:
1. DEFINITIONS.
Capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined herein that are defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement shall have the respective meanings given such terms in the Securities Purchase Agreement. As used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
a. “Common Stock” means (i) the Company’s shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, and (ii) any capital stock into which such common stock shall have been changed or any share capital resulting from a reclassification of such common stock.
b. “Person” means an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability company, joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind.
c. “Prospectus” means the prospectus included in a Registration Statement (including, without limitation, a prospectus that includes any information previously omitted from a prospectus filed as part of an effective registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A, Rule 430B or Rule 430C promulgated by the SEC pursuant to the Securities Act), as amended or supplemented by any prospectus supplement, with respect to the terms of the offering of any portion of the Registrable Securities covered by a Registration Statement, and all other amendments and supplements to the Prospectus, including post-effective amendments, and all material incorporated by reference or deemed to be incorporated by reference in such Prospectus.
d. “Registrable Securities” means, as of any date of determination, (a) all of the Common Shares that issued or issuable to the Buyer under the Securities Purchase Agreement and (b) any securities issued or then issuable upon any stock split, dividend or other
distribution, recapitalization or similar event with respect to the foregoing; provided, however, that any such Registrable Securities shall cease to be Registrable Securities for so long as (x) a Registration Statement with respect to the resale of such Registrable Securities is declared effective by the SEC under the Securities Act and such Registrable Securities have been disposed of in accordance with such effective Registration Statement, (y) such Registrable Securities have been previously sold in accordance with Rule 144 or otherwise or (z) such Registrable Securities are, as of the applicable date of determination of Registrable Securities status, then eligible for resale without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions and without the need for current public information pursuant to Rule 144(c)(1) as set forth in a written opinion letter to such effect from counsel to the Company, addressed, delivered and acceptable to the company’s transfer agent and to the Buyer (assuming that such securities and any securities issuable upon exercise, conversion or exchange of which, or as a dividend upon which, such securities were issued or are issuable, were at no time held by any Affiliate of the Company), as reasonably determined by the Company, upon the advice of counsel to the Company.
e. “Registration Statement” means any registration statement covering the resale of any Registrable Securities, including (in each case) the Prospectus, amendments and supplements to any such registration statement or Prospectus, including pre- and post-effective amendments, all exhibits thereto, and all material incorporated by reference or deemed to be incorporated by reference in any such registration statement.
f. “Rule 144” means Rule 144 promulgated by the SEC pursuant to the Securities Act, as such rule may be amended from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the SEC having substantially the same effect as such rule.
g. “Rule 415” means Rule 415 promulgated by the SEC pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended or interpreted from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the SEC having substantially the same purpose and effect as such Rule.
h. “SEC” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
2. REGISTRATION STATEMENT REQUIREMENTS.
a. If, at any time during the period from and after the Closing Date through and including the six-month anniversary of the Closing Date (such period, the “Filing Period”), there is not an effective Registration Statement covering all of the Registrable Securities and the Company shall determine to prepare and file with the Commission a registration statement relating to an offering of any equity securities of the Company for its own account or for the account of one or more Persons other than the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (including any offering to be made on a delayed or continuous basis under Rule 415), other than on Form S-4 or Form S-8 (each as promulgated under the Securities Act) or their then equivalents relating to equity securities to be issued solely in connection with any acquisition of any entity or business or equity securities issuable in connection with the Company’s stock option or other employee benefit plans, then the Company shall deliver to the Buyer a written notice of such determination and, if within fifteen (15) days after the date of the Buyer’s receipt of such notice, the Buyer shall so request in writing, the Company shall include in such Registration Statement all or any part of such Registrable Securities the Buyer requests to be registered; provided, however, that (i) the Company shall not be required to register any Registrable Securities pursuant to this Section 2 that are the subject of a then effective Registration Statement and (ii) if, solely in connection with any primary underwritten public offering for the account of the Company, the managing underwriter(s) thereof shall, in its reasonable discretion, impose a limitation on the number of shares of Common Stock which may be included in the Registration Statement because, in such underwriter(s)’ judgment, marketing or other factors dictate such limitation is necessary to facilitate public distribution, then the Company shall be obligated to include in such
Registration Statement only such limited portion of the Registrable Securities with respect to which the Buyer requested inclusion hereunder as the underwriter shall reasonably permit, provided that the Company shall not exclude any Registrable Securities under this clause (ii) unless the Company has first excluded all securities the holders of which are not entitled to inclusion of such securities in such Registration Statement or are not entitled to pro rata inclusion in such Registration Statement with the Registrable Securities. Following the effective date of each Registration Statement filed in accordance herewith, the Company shall file with the SEC in accordance with Rule 424 under the Securities Act the final Prospectus to be used in connection with sales pursuant to such Registration Statement.
b. If the staff of the SEC (the “Staff”) or the SEC seeks to characterize any offering pursuant to a Registration Statement filed pursuant to this Agreement as constituting an offering of securities that does not permit such Registration Statement to become effective and be used for resales by the Buyer on a delayed or continuous basis under Rule 415 at then-prevailing market prices (and not fixed prices) (or as otherwise may be reasonably acceptable to the Buyer), or if after the filing of a Registration Statement with the SEC pursuant to this Section 2, the Company is otherwise required by the Staff or the SEC to reduce the number of Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement, then the Company shall reduce the number of Registrable Securities to be included in such Registration Statement (with the prior consent, not to be unreasonably withheld, of the Buyer as to the specific Registrable Securities to be removed therefrom) until such time as the Staff and the SEC shall so permit such Registration Statement to become effective and be used as aforesaid.
3. REGISTRATION PROCEDURES.
a.If and whenever the Company is required by the provisions of Section 2 to effect the registration of any Registrable Securities under the Securities Act, the Company will, as promptly as practicable:
(i)subject to the timelines provided in this Agreement, prepare and file the Registration Statement with the SEC, with respect to such Registrable Securities and use its reasonable best efforts to cause such Registration Statement to become and remain effective for the period of the distribution contemplated thereby (determined as herein provided), respond as promptly as commercially practicable to any comments received from the SEC with respect to a Registration Statement or any amendment thereto and file any pre-effective amendments with respect to a Registration Statement as promptly as reasonable possible, and promptly provide to the Buyer copies of all filings and SEC letters of comment (provided that the Company shall excise any information contained therein which would constitute material non-public information regarding the Company or any subsidiary) and notify the Buyer (by telecopier or by e-mail address provided by the Buyer) on or before the second business day thereafter that the Company receives notice that (i) the SEC has no comments or no further comments on the registration statement, and (ii) the registration statement has been declared effective;
(ii)prepare and file with the SEC such amendments and supplements to such Registration Statement and the prospectus used in connection therewith as may be necessary to keep such Registration Statement effective and prepare and file with the SEC such additional Registration Statements as may be required hereunder and to keep each additional Registration Statement effective;
(iii)furnish to the Buyer such number of copies of the Registration Statement and the prospectus included therein (including each preliminary prospectus) as the Buyer reasonably may request in order to facilitate the public sale or their disposition of the securities covered by such Registration Statement or make them electronically available;
(iv)use its reasonable best efforts to register or qualify the Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement under the securities or “Blue Sky” laws of such jurisdictions as the Buyer shall reasonably request in writing, provided, however, that the Company shall not for any such purpose be required to qualify to transact business as a foreign corporation in any jurisdiction where it is not so qualified or to consent to service of process in any such jurisdiction;
(v)if applicable, list the Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement with the principal market or exchange on which the Common Stock is then listed;
(vi)promptly notify the Buyer of the Company’s becoming aware that a prospectus relating thereto is required to be delivered under the Securities Act, of the happening of any event or passage of time of which the Company has knowledge as a result of which the prospectus contained in such Registration Statement, as then in effect, includes an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading in light of the circumstances then existing or the financial statements included therein ineligible for inclusion or which becomes subject to a SEC, state or other governmental order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement covering any of the Registrable Securities; and
(vii)reasonably cooperate with any broker-dealer through which the Buyer proposes to resell its Registrable Securities in effecting a filing with the FINRA Corporate Financing Department pursuant to FINRA Rule 5110, as requested by the Buyer.
b.The Buyer hereby covenants that it will not sell any Registrable Securities pursuant to such prospectus during the period commencing at the time at which the Company gives the Buyer notice of the suspension of the use of such prospectus in accordance with this Section 3(b) and ending at the time the Company gives the Buyer notice that the Buyer may thereafter effect sales pursuant to the prospectus, or until the Company delivers to the Buyer or files with the SEC an amended or supplemented prospectus.
4. OBLIGATIONS OF THE BUYER. It shall be a condition precedent to the obligations of the Company to complete the registration pursuant to this Agreement with respect to the Registrable Securities of the Buyer that the Buyer shall furnish to the Company such information regarding itself, the Registrable Securities held by it and the intended method of disposition of the Registrable Securities held by it, as shall be reasonably required to effect and maintain the effectiveness of the registration of such Registrable Securities and shall execute such documents in connection with such registration as the Company may reasonably request.
5. EXPENSES OF REGISTRATION. All expenses incurred by the Company in complying with Section 2, including, without limitation, all registration and filing fees, printing expenses (if required), fees and disbursements of counsel and independent public accountants for the Company, fees and expenses (including reasonable counsel fees) incurred by the Company in connection with complying with state securities or “Blue Sky” laws, transfer taxes, and fees of transfer agents and registrars, are called “Registration Expenses.” The Company will pay all Registration Expenses in connection with any Registration Statement described in Section 2.
6. INDEMNIFICATION.
a. In the event any Registrable Securities are included in any Registration Statement under this Agreement, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the Company will, and hereby does, indemnify, hold harmless and defend the Buyer, each Person, if any, who controls the Buyer, the members, the directors, officers, partners, employees, agents, representatives of the Buyer and each Person, if any, who controls the Buyer within the meaning of the Securities Act or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) (each, an “Indemnified Person”), against any losses, claims, damages, liabilities, judgments, fines, penalties, charges, costs, attorneys' fees, amounts paid in settlement or expenses, joint or several, (collectively, “Claims”) incurred in investigating, preparing or defending any action, claim, suit, inquiry, proceeding, investigation or appeal taken from the foregoing by or before any court or governmental, administrative or other regulatory agency, body or the SEC, whether pending or threatened, whether or not an indemnified party is or may be a party thereto (“Indemnified Damages”), to which any of them may become subject insofar as such Claims (or actions or proceedings, whether commenced or threatened, in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon: (i) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact in the Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto or in any filing made in connection with the qualification of the offering under the securities or other “Blue Sky” laws of any jurisdiction in which Registrable Securities are offered (each, a “Blue Sky Filing”), or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, (ii) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the final prospectus (as amended or supplemented, if the Company files any amendment thereof or supplement thereto with the SEC) or the omission or alleged omission to state therein any material fact necessary to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which the statements therein were made, not misleading, (iii) any violation or alleged violation by the Company of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, any other law, including, without limitation, any state securities law, or any rule or regulation thereunder relating to the offer or sale of the Registrable Securities pursuant to the Registration Statement or (iv) any material violation by the Company of this Agreement (the matters in the foregoing clauses (i) through (iv) being, collectively, “Violations”). The Company shall reimburse each Indemnified Person promptly as such expenses are incurred and are due and payable, for any reasonable legal fees or other reasonable expenses incurred by them in connection with investigating or defending any such Claim. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the indemnification agreement contained in this Section 6(a) shall not apply to a Claim by an Indemnified Person arising out of or based upon a Violation which occurs in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by the Buyer expressly for use in connection with the preparation of such Registration Statement. Such indemnity shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of a Buyer Party and shall survive the transfer of any of the Registrable Securities by the Buyer pursuant to Section 8(d).
b. In the event any Registrable Securities are included in any Registration Statement under this Agreement, then, in connection with such Registration Statement, the Buyer agrees to indemnify, hold harmless and defend, to the same extent and in the same manner as is set forth in Section 6(a), the Company, each of its directors, each of its officers who signs the
Registration Statement, each Person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act (collectively and together with an Indemnified Person, an “Indemnified Party”), against any Claim or Indemnified Damages to which any of them may become subject, under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or otherwise, insofar as such Claim or Indemnified Damages arise out of or are based upon any Violation, in each case to the extent, and only to the extent, that such Violation occurs in reliance upon and in conformity with written information about the Buyer set forth on Exhibit A attached hereto and furnished to the Company by the Buyer expressly for use in connection with such registration statement; and, subject to Section 6(d), the Buyer will reimburse any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by them in connection with investigating or defending any such Claim; provided, however, that the indemnity agreement contained in this Section 6(b) and the agreement with respect to contribution contained in Section 7 shall not apply to amounts paid in settlement of any Claim if such settlement is effected without the prior written consent of the Buyer, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld; provided, further, however, that the Buyer shall be liable under this Section 6(b) for only that amount of a Claim or Indemnified Damages as does not exceed the net proceeds to the Buyer as a result of the sale of Registrable Securities pursuant to such registration statement. Such indemnity shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of such Indemnified Party and shall survive the transfer of the Registrable Securities by the Buyer pursuant to Section 8(d).
c. Promptly after receipt by an Indemnified Person or Indemnified Party under this Section 6 of notice of the commencement of any action or proceeding (including any governmental action or proceeding) involving a Claim, such Indemnified Person or Indemnified Party shall, if a Claim in respect thereof is to be made against any indemnifying party under this Section 6, deliver to the indemnifying party a written notice of the commencement thereof, and the indemnifying party shall have the right to participate in, and, to the extent the indemnifying party so desires, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly noticed, to assume control of the defense thereof with counsel mutually satisfactory to the indemnifying party and the Indemnified Person or the Indemnified Party, as the case may be; provided, however, that an Indemnified Person or Indemnified Party shall have the right to retain its own counsel with the fees and expenses to be paid by the indemnifying party, if, in the reasonable opinion of counsel retained by the indemnifying party, the representation by such counsel of the Indemnified Person or Indemnified Party and the indemnifying party would be inappropriate due to actual or potential differing interests between such Indemnified Person or Indemnified Party and any other party represented by such counsel in such proceeding. The Indemnified Party or Indemnified Person shall cooperate fully with the indemnifying party in connection with any negotiation or defense of any such action or claim by the indemnifying party and shall furnish to the indemnifying party all information reasonably available to the Indemnified Party or Indemnified Person which relates to such action or claim. The indemnifying party shall keep the Indemnified Party or Indemnified Person fully apprised at all times as to the status of the defense or any settlement negotiations with respect thereto. No indemnifying party shall be liable for any settlement of any action, claim or proceeding effected without its written consent, provided, however, that the indemnifying party shall not unreasonably withhold, delay or condition its consent. No indemnifying party shall, without the consent of the Indemnified Party or Indemnified Person, consent to entry of any judgment or enter into any settlement or other compromise which does not include as an unconditional term thereof the giving by the claimant or plaintiff to such Indemnified Party or Indemnified Person of a release from all liability in respect to such claim or litigation. Following indemnification as provided for hereunder, the indemnifying party shall be subrogated to all rights of the Indemnified Party or Indemnified Person with respect to all third parties, firms or corporations relating to the matter for which indemnification has been made. The failure to deliver written notice to the indemnifying party within a reasonable time of the commencement of any such action shall not relieve such indemnifying party of any liability to the Indemnified Person or Indemnified Party under this Section 6, except to the extent that the indemnifying party is prejudiced in its ability to defend such action.
d. The indemnification required by this Section 6 shall be made by periodic payments of the amount thereof during the course of the investigation or defense, as and when bills are received or Indemnified Damages are incurred.
e. The indemnity agreements contained herein shall be in addition to (i) any cause of action or similar right of the Indemnified Party or Indemnified Person against the indemnifying party or others, and (ii) any liabilities the indemnifying party may be subject to pursuant to the law.
7. CONTRIBUTION. To the extent any indemnification by an indemnifying party is prohibited or limited by law, the indemnifying party agrees to make the maximum contribution with respect to any amounts for which it would otherwise be liable under Section 6 to the fullest extent permitted by law; provided, however: (i) no contribution shall be made under circumstances where the maker would not have been liable for indemnification under the fault standards set forth in Section 6 of this Agreement, (ii) no Person involved in the sale of Registrable Securities which Person is guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) in connection with such sale shall be entitled to contribution from any Person involved in such sale of Registrable Securities who was not guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation; and (iii) contribution by any seller of Registrable Securities shall be limited in amount to the amount of net proceeds received by such seller from the applicable sale of such Registrable Securities pursuant to such Registration Statement. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 7, the Buyer shall not be required to contribute, in the aggregate, any amount in excess of the amount by which the net proceeds actually received by the Buyer from the applicable sale of the Registrable Securities subject to the Claim exceeds the amount of any damages that the Buyer has otherwise been required to pay, or would otherwise be required to pay under Section 6(b), by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission.
8. MISCELLANEOUS.
a. Remedies. In the event of a breach by the Company or by the Buyer of any of their respective obligations under this Agreement, the Buyer or the Company, as the case may be, in addition to being entitled to exercise all rights granted by law and under this Agreement, including recovery of damages, shall be entitled to specific performance of its rights under this Agreement. Each of the Company and the Buyer agrees that monetary damages would not provide adequate compensation for any losses incurred by reason of a breach by it of any of the provisions of this Agreement and hereby further agrees that, in the event of any action for specific performance in respect of such breach, it shall not assert or shall waive the defense that a remedy at law would be adequate.
b. Amendments and Waivers. No provision of this Agreement may be (i) amended other than by a written instrument signed by both parties hereto or (ii) waived other than in a written instrument signed by the party against whom enforcement of such waiver is sought. Failure of any party to exercise any right or remedy under this Agreement or otherwise, or delay by a party in exercising such right or remedy, shall not operate as a waiver thereof.
c. Notices. Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries required or permitted to be provided hereunder shall be delivered as set forth in the Securities Purchase Agreement.
d. Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the successors and permitted assigns of each of the parties. The Company may not assign (except by merger) its rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of the Buyer. The Buyer may assign its rights hereunder if: (i) the Buyer agrees in writing with
such transferee or assignee (as the case may be) to assign all or any portion of such rights, and a copy of such agreement is furnished to the Company within a reasonable time after such transfer or assignment (as the case may be); (ii) the Company is, within a reasonable time after such transfer or assignment (as the case may be), furnished with written notice of (a) the name and address of such transferee or assignee (as the case may be), and (b) the securities with respect to which such registration rights are being transferred or assigned (as the case may be); (iii) immediately following such transfer or assignment (as the case may be) the further disposition of such securities by such transferee or assignee (as the case may be) is restricted under the Securities Act or applicable state securities laws if so required; (iv) at or before the time the Company receives the written notice contemplated by clause (ii) of this sentence such transferee or assignee (as the case may be) agrees in writing with the Company to be bound by all of the provisions contained herein; (v) such transfer or assignment (as the case may be) shall have been made in accordance with the applicable requirements of the Securities Purchase Agreement and the Warrants; and (vi) such transfer or assignment (as the case may be) shall have been conducted in accordance with all applicable federal and state securities laws. The term “Buyer” in this Agreement shall also include all such permitted transferees and assignees.
e. Execution and Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or more identical counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to the other party; provided that a facsimile signature or signature delivered by e-mail in a “.pdf” format data file, including any electronic signature complying with the U.S. federal ESIGN Act of 2000, e.g., www.docusign.com, www.echosign.adobe.com, etc., shall be considered due execution and shall be binding upon the signatory thereto with the same force and effect as if the signature were an original signature.
f. Governing Law. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Agreement shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of the Securities Purchase Agreement.
g. Severability. If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions set forth herein shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated, and the parties hereto shall use their reasonable best efforts to find and employ an alternative means to achieve the same or substantially the same result as that contemplated by such term, provision, covenant or restriction. It is hereby stipulated and declared to be the intention of the parties that they would have executed the remaining terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions without including any of such that may be hereafter declared invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable.
h. Headings. The headings in this Agreement are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of the Agreement and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any of the provisions hereof.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Registration Rights Agreement to be duly executed as of day and year first above written.
THE COMPANY:
KIORA PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
By: /s/ Brian M. Strem, Ph.D.
Name: Brian M. Strem, Ph.D.
Title: President and Chief Executive Officer
BUYER:
LINCOLN PARK CAPITAL FUND, LLC
BY: LINCOLN PARK CAPITAL, LLC
BY: ROCKLEDGE CAPITAL CORPORATION
By: /s/ Josh Scheinfeld
Name: Josh Scheinfeld
Title: President
EXHIBIT A
Information About The Buyer Furnished To The Company By The Buyer
Expressly For Use In Connection With The Registration Statement
Information With Respect to Lincoln Park Capital
As of the date of the Securities Purchase Agreement, Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC, beneficially owned ________ shares of our common stock. Josh Scheinfeld and Jonathan Cope, the Managing Members of Lincoln Park Capital, LLC, the manager of Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC, are deemed to be beneficial owners of all of the shares of common stock owned by Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC. Messrs. Cope and Scheinfeld have shared voting and investment power over the shares of common stock being offered under the prospectus. Neither Lincoln Park Capital, LLC nor Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC is a registered broker-dealer or an affiliate of a registered broker-dealer.